Nephropathy refers to the disease of a kidney, which leads to kidney damage and loss of kidney function. The progression of nephropathy can vary from mild to serious, and can potentially result in kidney failure. This is end-stage kidney disease, which can be treated through a dialysis or a kidney transplant. Nephrosis and nephritis are kidney diseases that give rise to nephrotic and nephritic syndrome respectively. Chronic kidney disease leads to a gradual loss of kidney function over time, while in acute kidney disease, kidney function reduces within seven days. Kidney disease is caused due to a deposition of immunoglobulin A antibodies in the glomerulus, toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents, analgesic administration, long-term exposure to lead, etc. A high risk of nephropathy is associated with chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus and high blood pressure. The standard line of diagnosis involves review of medical history, physical examination, urine test and ultrasound of the kidneys. This book includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to nephropathy. It strives to provide a fair idea about this clinical condition and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances in the diagnosis and management of nephropathy. A number of latest researches have been included to keep the readers up-to-date with the global concepts in this area of study.
